Les Invalides, officially known as the Hôtel National des Invalides, is a prominent complex in Paris’s 7th arrondissement. Commissioned by King Louis XIV in 1670, it was originally established as a hospital and retirement home for war veterans. Today, it serves as a significant cultural and historical site, housing museums, monuments, and the tomb of Napoleon Bonaparte.
Historical Overview:
- Foundation: Recognizing the need to care for his soldiers, Louis XIV initiated the construction of Les Invalides, which opened its doors to veterans in 1674. The complex functioned as a hospice, barracks, convent, hospital, and factory, accommodating over 4,000 residents. Army Museum
- Architectural Design: The complex showcases classical French architecture, featuring a series of courtyards, the most notable being the Cour d’Honneur (Court of Honor), used for military parades and ceremonies. Army Museum
Key Attractions:
- Musée de l’Armée (Army Museum): Established in 1905, this museum houses one of the world’s most extensive military history collections, spanning from antiquity to the 20th century. Exhibits include weapons, armor, uniforms, and artifacts illustrating France’s military heritage. Army Museum
- Dôme des Invalides: Designed by architect Jules Hardouin-Mansart and completed in 1706, the gilded dome stands at 107 meters, making it one of Paris’s tallest monuments. It exemplifies French Baroque architecture and serves as a prominent feature of the Parisian skyline. Army Museum
- Tomb of Napoleon Bonaparte: Beneath the Dôme lies the tomb of Napoleon I. His remains were transferred here in 1840 from Saint Helena, resting in a red quartzite sarcophagus atop a green granite base, surrounded by a circular gallery adorned with reliefs depicting his military achievements. Army Museum
Visiting Information:
- Location: Les Invalides is situated at 129 Rue de Grenelle, 75007 Paris, France. Army Museum
- Hours: The complex is open daily from 10:00 AM to 6:00 PM. Extended hours until 9:00 PM are available on Tuesdays from April to September. It is closed on January 1st, May 1st, and December 25th. Army Museum
- Admission: General admission is €14, granting access to the Musée de l’Armée, the Dôme des Invalides, and the tomb of Napoleon. Reduced rates are available for eligible visitors. Tickets can be purchased online or at the entrance. Army Museum
- Accessibility: The site is accessible to visitors with reduced mobility, with elevators and ramps available in most areas. Army Museum
Recent Developments:
- Post-Olympic Restoration: Following the Paris 2024 Olympic Games, during which the Esplanade des Invalides hosted archery events, restoration efforts have been underway to return the site to its original state. These operations are expected to conclude by early November 2024. Le Monde
Les Invalides remains a testament to France’s rich military history and architectural grandeur, offering visitors a profound insight into the nation’s past and its enduring legacy.
